INNOVATIVE REPRESENTATION OF TRIPLE ORTHOGONAL PROJECTION USING 3D PRINTING TECHNOLOGY
Keywords:
Orthogonal Projection, 3D Printing, Descriptive Geometry, Educational Model, Draught, PrecisionAbstract
In this paper the authors present the use of 3D printing to create a physical model that clarifies for students the triple orthogonal projection of a point, an essential concept from descriptive geometry. The physical model features a sphere representing a point in 3D space, along with three plates hinged together and mounted at right angles to represent the projection planes. The 3D printing offered the required precision for component fabrication while a sphere imagining a light spot facilitated projection interpretation. The possibility to rotate the plates facilitated comprehension of the point’s draught, resulting in enhanced comprehension of the geometric relationships between the projections of that point. This physical model proves that 3D printing can be used to modernize teaching materials in descriptive geometry.
Downloads
References
Turner, B. N., Strong, R., & Gold, S. A. (2014). A
review of melt extrusion additive manufacturing
processes: I. Process design and modeling. Rapid
Prototyping Journal, 20(3), 192-204. Emerald
Insight. ISSN 1355-2546.
Gibson, I., Rosen, D. W., & Stucker, B. (2010).
Additive
Manufacturing
Technologies:
Rapid
Prototyping to Direct Digital Manufacturing.
Springer. ISBN 978-1-4419-1119-3.
Chua, C. K., & Leong, K. F. (2014). 3D Printing and
Additive Manufacturing: Principles and Applications
(4th ed.). World Scientific Publishing. ISBN 978
-4571-68-1.
Ngo, T. D., Kashani, A., Imbalzano, G., Nguyen, K.
T. Q., & Hui, D. (2018). Additive manufacturing (3D
printing):
A review of materials, methods,
applications and challenges. Composites Part B:
Engineering, 143, 172-196. Elsevier. ISSN 1359
Sood, A. K., Ohdar, R. K., & Mahapatra, S. S.
(2010). Parametric appraisal of mechanical property
of
fused deposition modelling processed parts.
Materials & Design, 31(1), 287-295. Elsevier. ISSN
-3069.
John, S., Sevvel, P., Gunasekaran, J., A review on the
various processing parameters in FDM. Materials
Today: Proceedings, Volume 37, Part 2, 2021, Pages
-514.
Anghel, A., & Danaila, W. (2004). Geometrie
Descriptiva. Editura Performantica. ISBN 973-730
-1.
Pruna L., Slonovschi A., Antonescu I., 2006
Geometrie descriptiva, Editura Societatii
Academice Matei-Teiu-Botez, Iasi,
Groza, O. (1999). Geometrie Descriptiva. Editura
Matrix Rom. ISBN 973-685-345-6.
Datcu, C. (2018). Reprezentarea punctului în
geometria descriptiva. Buletinul ?tiin?ific al
Universita?ii Tehnice de Construc?ii Bucure?ti, Seria
Matematica-Informatica, 10(2), 45-52. ISSN 2066
?erbanoiu, B. (2015). Sisteme de proiec?ie în ge
ometria descriptiva. Revista de Matematica ?i
Informatica, 20(1), 33-41. ISSN 1584-1234.
Vasilescu, E. (2020). Studiul proiec?iilor ortogonale
în formarea inginerilor. Buletinul AGIR, 25(2), 58
ISSN 1224-7928.
Anghel, Alina Elemente de Geometrie Descriptiva
cu aplica?ii, PIM, ISBN, Ia?i, 2010.
Anghel, A., Bazele geometriei descriptive ?i ale
desenului tehnic industrial. PIM, ISBN 978-606-13
-5, Ia?i, 2012.
Anghel, A., Geometrie descriptive ?i desen tehnic.
Tehnopress, ISBN 978-702-881-5, Ia?i, 2011.
Simion, I. (2010). Geometrie descriptiva, desen
tehnic ?i infografica. Editura Bren. ISBN 978-973
-906-8.
M. Yunus ?i M. S. Alsoufi, „Effect of raster
inclinations and part positions on mechanical
properties, surface roughness and manufacturing
price of printed parts produced by fused deposition
method”, J. Mech. Eng. Sci., vol. 14, nr. 4, pp. 7416
, 2020, Data accesarii: 13 iulie 2025. [Online].
Disponibil
la:
https://journal.ump.edu.my/jmes/article/view/2700
M. Alsoufi ?i A. Elsayed, „Quantitative analysis of
% infill density surface profile of printed part
fabricated by personal FDM 3D printer”, Int. J. Eng.
Technol., vol. 7, nr. 1, Art. nr. 1, ian. 2018, doi:
14419/ijet.v7i1.8345.
M. S. Alsoufi ?i colab., „From 3D models to FDM
D prints: experimental study of chemical treatment
to reduce stairs-stepping of semi-sphere profile”,
AIMS Mater. Sci., vol. 6, nr. 6, Art. nr. matersci-06
-1086, 2019, doi: 10.3934/matersci.2019.6.1086.
Creality. (2024). Creality Ender-3 V3 SE 3D Printer,
available
at:
https://store.creality.com/eu/products/ender-3-v3-se
d-printer Accessed: 17 July 2025.
Zhang, Z., Ni, X., Wu, H., Sun, M., Bao, G., Wu,
H., Jiang, S. (2022). Pneumatically Actuated Soft
Gripper with Bistable Structures. Soft Robotics, Vol.
, No. 1, (February 2022), pp. 57–71, ISSN 2169
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
